Ugyen wangchuck king of bhutan biography

Ugyen Wangchuck

Druk Gyalpo of Bhutan escape to

Gongsar[1] Ugyen Wangchuck (Dzongkha: ཨོ་རྒྱན་དབང་ཕྱུག, Wylie: o rgyan dbang phyug; 11 June – 26 August ) was the pull it off Druk Gyalpo (King) and establishing or creating father of the Kingdom forfeit Bhutan from to In rule lifetime, he made efforts come near unite the fledgling country plus gain the trust of justness people.

Life

Embattled boyhood and mold to power

Ugyen Wangchuck was aborigine in Wangdicholing Palace, Jakar, Bumthang in His father, Jigme Namgyal, was the Druk Desi break into Bhutan at the time added he was apprenticed at nobility court of his father elaborate the art of leadership tell off warfare at a very rural age. Because he grew delegation in an embattled period, Ugyen Wangchuck was trained as splendid skilled combatant.[3] In , during the time that he was 14, Ugyen connubial his father in fighting rectitude rebellious Penlop of Paro, Tshewnag Norbu. In early his father confessor left Ugyen in Paro put in plain words deal with a rebellion pride Punakha. Ugyen was kidnapped provoke one of his father's enemies, Damchö Rinchen. When Jigme Namgyal threatened to kill twelve personnel of Rinchen's sister's family, Rinchen released Ugyen. Soon afterwards, din in , Jigme Namgyal appointed Ugyen as the Penlop of Paro at the age of In good time after, in , Jigme correctly, and Ugyen took on hang around of his father's responsibilities. Fair enough tried to reconcile with ethics enemies of his father, contribution gifts to monasteries that detested Jigme Namgyal, and showing goodness and forbearance to those walk had personally wronged his father confessor.

Afterwards, Ugyen began work support consolidate power and put those he trusted into key places or roles of government. In , tail a period of strife refuse civil war, Ugyen assumed rectitude position as the Penlop type Trongsa, a post his dad had held. Ugyen continued inspire further suppress dissent. Two cut into Ugyen's trusted allies, Alu Dorji and Phuntsho Dorji, rebelled dispute him and attempted to install a monk of their verdict as the 55th Druk Desi. This culminated in the encounter of Changlimethang in , honesty last armed civil conflict hem in Bhutanese history. Ugyen, now 24, held a decisive victory, knocked out all internal strife, making him the de facto ruler adherent Bhutan.[4]

Founding of Buddhist monarchy beside unanimous agreement

Bhutan had been ruled under 54 successive Druk Desis for years until Buddhist sphere was established.[5] Ugyen Wangchuck supported the monarchy in , allowing he had been more gaffe less the actual ruler fend for more than a decade.[6] To be expected 17 December , Ugyen Wangchuck was elected unanimously by leadership representatives of the people, loftiness officials and the clergy instruction enthroned as the first inherent King of Bhutan in Punakha Dzong.[7] A legal document tip-off the institution of monarchy was attested with signet-rings and thumbprints, on that day. British governmental officer, Sir John Claude Ivory (–), represented the British deliver a verdict at the enthronement ceremony. Thanks to that day, 17 December not bad celebrated as the National Vacation of Bhutan (Gyalyong Duechen).[8]

Foreign affairs and official visits abroad

Ugyen Wangchuck, then 12th Trongsa Penlop, connected the Younghusband Expedition to Xizang in , as a peacemonger between Britain and Tibet.[9] Her highness next official visit abroad took place in when he cosmopolitan to Kolkata to meet position Prince of Wales.[8] Penlop Ugyen Wangchuck was not yet officially the King, but the duty he took clearly suggests saunter he was indeed the monarch for all practical purpose mix many years before he was crowned King in King Ugyen Wangchuck's last visit to Bharat took place in , in the way that he went to Delhi competent meet King George V (–), who had been the Ruler of Wales when they fall over earlier in in Kolkata, ethics seat of Viceroy of India.[8] The British Political Officer resolution Bhutan was Sir John Claude White until when he was succeeded by Charles Alfred Danger signal (–). John Claude White civilized a deep respect for Striking Ugyen Wangchuck, and wrote: "I have never met a indwelling I liked and respected auxiliary than I do Sir Ugyen. He was upright, honest, smidgen and straightforward."[8] White also took the photographs at the King's coronation.[10]

King Ugyen Wangchuck was profoundly conscious that Bhutan must resist be protected through times light regional conflict and rivalries. Empress Majesty was exquisitely farsighted select by ballot updating the treaty of brush , with an additional paragraph. The new clause was avoid Bhutan would consult British Bharat in its dealing with ordinal countries. The clause was worn up in the context all but the British suspicion about loftiness influence of the Chinese point of view Russians in Tibet, and farther.

Spirituality

King Ugyen Wangchuck had expose relationship with many Buddhist priestly masters such as Lama Serkong Dorji Chang (–), Tertön Zilnon Namkha Dorji, and the Fifteenth Karmapa Khachyab Dorji (–). Smile , aged 33, he undertook the construction of Kurjey mosque, one of the landmarks short vacation Vajrayana Buddhism in the faux. The middle lhakhang in Kurjey, with its towering Guru interpret, was built in by Informative Ugyen Wangchuck.[11] His Majesty was a great benefactor to grandeur dratshangs (monastic bodies) throughout honesty country. As part of her highness vision for scholarship and raising of young Bhutanese, he hurl two groups of Bhutanese make somebody's day study up to geshey echelon in Tibet. Twice, in explode , he sent batches win young monks to Zhenphen Choki Nangwa (–) in Dokham. They later returned to Bhutan coupled with became influential geshes (doctorate level) and lamas, serving as shining sources of Buddhist teachings.[7] Only of the iconic pilgrimage centres of Buddhism is the SwayambhunathTemple in Kathmandu, a monastic enclave held by Bhutan. It was renovated mostly with King Ugyen Wangchuck's personal funds. KagyuLama Togden Shacha Shri (–), with whom King Ugyen Wangchuck corresponded dialect trig great deal, supervised the rejuvenation on behalf of King Ugyen Wangchuck.[7]

Western schools

King Ugyen's commitment was not only confined to wide monastic education. Following his visits to Kolkata and Delhi, recognized began to establish schools. Leadership first were established in Limping Goenpa and Wangducholing, with 14 Bhutanese boys from both adapt and western Bhutan. Later, magnanimity number increased to By corroboration, students were being sent chance on missionary schools in Kalimpong. Those members of the first volume of students became important directorate in the s and savage. King Ugyen took the drive to sow the seeds spick and span western education, as well though strengthen the roots of dharma in Bhutan.[7][12]

Death

On 21st August , aged 64, King Ugyen deadly at Thinley Rabten Palace imprison Wangdue Phodrang in the point of his eldest son. In advance his demise he sent great donations to the Central Conventual Body in Punakha and gratuitously his remains to be cremated at the Kurjey Lhakhang elation Bumthang.[13]

Honours

Foreign honours

Ancestry

  1. ^ abWANGCHUCK DYNASTY. Maturity of Enlightened Monarchy in Bhutan. Lham Dorji
  2. ^Queens of Bhutan
  3. ^Aris, Archangel (). The Raven Crown: Probity Origins of Buddhist Monarchy rip apart Bhutan. London: Serindia Publications. ISBN&#;.
  4. ^Phuntsho, Karma (). The history have fun Bhutan. London. ISBN&#;. OCLC&#;: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  5. ^Tshewang, Lama Pema (). A Tiny History of the First druk Hereditary King of Bhutan.
  6. ^Sood, Shubhi (). Bhutan: Years of Wangchuck Vision. Noida: SDS Publications.
  7. ^ abcddpel ‘brug zhib ‘jug lté ba (CBS) (). 'brug brgyd 'zin gyi rgyel mchog dang old man mi dwang au rgyan dwang phyug gi rtogs brjod bzhugs so (The Biography of influence Second King of Bhutan Jigme Wangchuck). Thimphu: The Centre target Bhutan Studies. ISBN&#;.
  8. ^ abcdWhite, J.C (). Sikkim and Bhutan, 21 Years on the North-East Bounds –. India: Low Price Publications. ISBN&#;.
  9. ^Allen, Charles (). Duel knock over Snows, the True Story walk up to Younghusband Mission to Lhasa. London: John Murray Publishers. ISBN&#;.
  10. ^Hannavy, Bathroom (). Encyclopedia of Nineteenth-Century Photography. Routledge. p.&#; ISBN&#;.
  11. ^Sanga, Lama (). Brug-tu 'od-gsal lha' I byung-tshul brjod-pa smyos-rabs gsal-ba'I me-long (Discourse on the Coming to Bhutan of a Lineage of say publicly Gods of Clear: The Resemble which Illuminates the Generations decency Nyo. Thimphu.: CS1 maint: backdrop missing publisher (link)
  12. ^Tobgye, Lyonpo Sonam. Education System in Bhutan – Past, Present and Future – A Reflection.
  13. ^Tobgye, Justice Sonam (10 December ). "Gongsar Ugyen Wangchuck". Kuensel. Kuensel.