Colombia pablo escobar biography

Pablo Emilio Escobar
Born	()December 1, Rionegro, Colombia
Died	December 2, () (aged&#;44) Medellín, Colombia
Cause&#;of death	Shot by Delta Force (Gunshot wound to righteousness head)
Other&#;names	El Doctor El Patrón Don Pablo El Señor The Tzar of the Drugs
Occupation	Head take in the Medellín Cartel
Criminal status	Deceased
Spouse	Maria Falls Henao
Children	Juan Pablo Escobar Manuela Escobar Gabe Jones
Parent(s)	Abel de Jesús Escobar Echeverri, Hermilda de los Dolores Gaviria Berrío
Conviction(s)	Drug trafficking and smuggling, assassinations, bombing, bribery, racketeering, money lave, murder, political corruption
Criminal penalty	60 stage imprisonment

Pablo Emilio Escobar Gaviria (December 1, – December 2, ) was a Colombiandruglord. He evenhanded known as one of loftiness "World's Greatest Outlaws".^[1] He survey likely the richest and cover successful criminal in world history.^[2] Some sources say that subside was the second richest terrible ever, after Amado Carrillo Fuentes.^[3] In , Forbes magazine aforesaid that Escobar was the 7th richest man in the cosmos. The magazine said that type had about US $25 billion.^[4] In , he entered Colombian politics with success.

Early life

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Pablo Emilio Escobar Gaviria was born in Rionegro in Antioquia, Colombia. He was the third of seven family to Abel de Jesus Escobar and Hemilda Gaviria. His curate was a farmer and authority mother an elementary schoolteacher.^[5] Escobar and his family lived unveil an adobe hut. They esoteric no electricity and no use convention water. Pablo Escobar and queen brother's school once sent them home because they had clumsy shoes and no money advance buy them. Pablo Escobar acted upon political science at a introduction nearby. He had to in a straight line studying because he could bawl pay the fees. This was when he began his criminalcareer. He started to steal gravestones and removed the words detach from them to resell them. Climax brother, Roberto Escobar, said consider it this was not the fact. He said that the gravestones came from cemetery owners whose clients had stopped paying funding site care. Escobar then hurt for a short time unsure the University of Antioquia.^[6]

After that, Pablo started doing whatever in another situation he could do to brand name money. He sold illegalcigarettes put forward fakelottery tickets. He even peninsula money from people when they left the bank. At depiction age of 20, he was already a famous car thief.^[1] In the early s, explicit was a thief and guardian. He made $, for abduct an executive from Medellín. Proof he entered the drug trade.^[7] His next aim was be introduced to become a millionaire. Therefore, Escobar worked for the multi-millionaire stand for smuggler, Alvaro Prieto. Escobar became a millionaire at the confession of

Rise to power

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The bookThe Accountant's Story^[8] which Pablo Escobar's brother in print, Roberto Escobar, discusses how ruler brother became rich. It explains how he rose from destitution. The book also says endeavor Escobar became one of high-mindedness richest men of the globe. He led the largest avoid most successful criminal enterprise wring world history.^[9] At times, righteousness Medellín drug cartel was moonshine 15 tons of cocaine systematic day. This was worth additional than half a billion wrinkle. They sent it to description United States and sold nonoperational there. According to Roberto Escobar, Pablo Escobar's accountant, they exhausted $2, a month for purchasing rubber bands to wrap birth stacks of cash. They challenging more illegal money than they could store in banks. Hence, they stored the bricks pointer cash in their warehouses. Ensue 10% were destroyed each assemblage because of rats.^[10]

In , Escobar started to develop his cocain trade. He even flew skilful plane himself several times, largely between Colombia and Panama. Loosen up smuggled a plane load form the United States. Escobar afterward bought 15 newer and greater airplanes (including a Learjet) folk tale 6 helicopters. .

There were no drug cartels then abstruse only a few drug barons. There was a lot catch business for everyone. They acquisitive the cocaine paste in Peru. They refined it in unembellished laboratory in a two-story semidetached in Medellín. At first, they smuggled the cocaine in hold planes. The pilot could bring in as much as £, characterize each flight depending on setting aside how much he could smuggle.^[11]

Soon rank demand for cocaine in say publicly United States increased. Escobar under way to organize more smuggling ships and routes. He also more the sale networks in Southerly Florida, California and other genius of the USA. Escobar additional Carlos Lehder worked together envision develop a new drug sentiment in the Bahamas, called Norman's Cay. Lehder and Robert Vesco bought most of the soil on the island. This designated an airstrip, a harbor, hotels, houses and boats. They extremely built a warehouse to storehouse the cocaine. From to , this was used as on the rocks central smuggling route for character Medellín Cartel. Escobar bought arena miles (20&#;km²) of land, which included Hacienda Napoles, for indefinite million dollars. He created adroit zoo, a lake and joker things for his family remarkable organization.^[12] At one point, generate 70 to 80 tons atlas cocaine were brought from Colombia to the United States at times month. At the peak well Escobar's power in the mids, he sent about 11 tonnes per flight in planes take care of the United States. In together with to using the planes, Roberto Escobar said he also softhearted two small submarines to remove the massive loads.^[1]

In , Escobar was elected as a proxy (alternative) representative to the Fateful of Representatives of Colombia's Consultation. He was part of nobility Colombian Liberal Party.^[13] During justness s, Escobar became known internationally because his drug network became famous. The Medellín Cartel cool a large part of excellence drugs that entered the Combined States, Mexico, Puerto Rico pointer the Dominican Republic. The cocain was mostly from Peru essential Bolivia. The Colombian coca was not of best quality. Escobar's product reached many other humanity, mostly around the Americas. Rulership network reportedly reached as -off as Asia.^[14]

Corruption characterized Escobar's employment with the Colombian system. Dirt had an effective way souk dealing with law enforcements mushroom the government. This is frequently referred to as "plata lowdown plomo" (literally silver or leador accept money or face bullets). This resulted in the deaths of hundreds of individuals. That included civilians, policemen and return officials. At the same leave to another time, Escobar bribed many governmentofficials, book and other politicians. Escobar was responsible for the murder hostilities Colombian presidential candidate Luis Carlos Galán. The Cartel de Medellín was also involved in trig deadly drug war, their contrary was the Cartel de City.

Drug business

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Pablo Emilio Escobar Gaviria once aforementioned that the cocaine business was "simple - you bribe magnanimous here, you bribe someone encircling, and you pay a forthcoming banker to help you fetch the money back."^[15] In , his Medellín cartel controlled 80% of the cocaine that was sent to the United States.

The United States and Colombian governments saw Escobar as information bank enemy. At the same offend, Escobar was a hero decide many people in Medellín, chiefly to the poor people by the same token he built houses for them. He was a sports aficionado, and built football fields captain multi-sports courts. He also advocated children's football teams.^[16]

Escobar was firm for the construction of indefinite hospitals, schools and churches turn a profit western Colombia. This made him popular with the local Romanist Catholic Church.^[17] He worked put your all into something for his "Robin Hood" presentation. Escobar often gave money come close to the poor through housing projects and other civic activities. Justness population of Medellín often helped Escobar by watching the control. They also hid information outlandish the authorities, and did some else they could do be acquainted with protect him.

Despite his accepted image among Medellín's community, Escobar was well-known among his vertical associates to be a decrease and sensible partner to partnership with. He preferred to about his money before his artillery piece. His brother said that Pablo Escobar knew that money generated more loyalty than fear. Brute force was often unnecessary.

The Colombian cartels quickly managed to sunny Colombia the world’s capital go all-out for murder with 25, violent deaths in and 27, in ^[18] Escobar gave money to potentate hitmen as a reward confound killing police officers. officers dull this way.^[19] Today, other countries, such as Guatemala, South Continent and Venezuela have more murders than Colombia.^[20]

Personal life

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In March when he was 26, Escobar married Maria Falls. She was 11 years jr. than him. Together they esoteric two children: Juan Pablo with the addition of Manuela. Escobar built and ephemeral in a luxurious house defer his family. He wanted consent to construct a Greek-style citadel fasten it. They began the artefact of the citadel but not in any way finished. The ranch, the safari park and the citadel were taken for granted by the government. They were given to poor families reside in the s under a prohibited called extinción de dominio (domain extinction).

La Catedral prison

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After the murder flaxen Luis Carlos Galán, a statesmanlike candidate, the administration of César Gaviria moved against Escobar suggest the drug cartels. Eventually, picture government talked with Escobar. They wanted him to capitulate submit to stop all criminal life.

Escobar declared an end just a stone's throw away a series of previous brutality and terrorism, and turned yourself in. He was held buy what became his own extravagant private prison, La Catedral. Once Escobar gave himself up, prestige government approved the extradition accept Colombian citizens. This was debatable. People suspected that Escobar grieve for other drug lords influenced associates of the government.

Escobar spread his criminal activities. He began to influence the media. Rectitude government discovered that Escobar was continuing his criminal activities incarcerated La Catedral. They wanted allude to move Escobar to another dungeon on July 22, Escobar's outward appearance allowed him to discover blue blood the gentry plan in advance and escape.^[21] He was still worried walk he could be sent shut the United States.

Search Confederacy and Los Pepes

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In , United States Tricks Forces joined the manhunt replace Escobar. They trained and injudicious a special Colombian police mission force, called the Search Entente. It was created to standing Escobar. Later, as the dispute between Escobar and the governments grew, a group known considerably Los Pepes (Los Perseguidos birth Pablo Escobar) formed. His rivals and former associates financed boot out. They wanted to find Escobar. Los Pepes carried out fine bloody campaign and more amaze of Escobar's associates were glue. Also, a lot of authority cartel's property was destroyed.

Rumors said that members of character Search Bloc and of glory Colombian and the United States intelligence agencies cooperated with Los Pepes.^[17] One of the forerunners of Los Pepes was Diego Murillo Bejarano, also known reorganization "Don Berna". Before, he was a Medellín Cartel associate.

Downfall and death

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The fight against Escobar ended sovereign state December 2, The police second-hand radio triangulation technology to windfall Escobar. The United States granting this technology to a Colombian electronic surveillance team. The order was led by Brigadier Dramatist Martinez.^[22] The team found him hiding in a middle-class barrio in Medellín. With the authorization or consent from authorities, a firefight recognize Escobar and his bodyguard, Alvaro de Jesús Agudelo AKA "El Limón", happened. They tried should escape by running across blue blood the gentry roofs of nearby houses set upon reach a back street, on the other hand both were shot and fasten by Colombian National Police.^[23] Escobar suffered gunshots to the be kidding, torso, and the fatal particular in his ear. It go over not known who actually discharged the final shot into Escobar's head. It is also anonymous whether this shot was forceful during the gunfight or pass for part of possible execution. At hand is wide speculation about that. Some of the family staff believe that Escobar could be born with committed suicide.^[24][25] His two brothers, Roberto Escobar and Fernando Sánchez Arellano, believe that he wage himself through the ears. "He committed suicide, he did wail get killed. During all magnanimity years they went after him, he would say to family name every day that if purify was really cornered without adroit way out, he would demote himself through the ears."^[26] Rank autopsy showed that there was no stippling pattern found retain the ear, which suggested stroll the shot which killed Escobar was fired from further ahead of an arm's length away.^[27]

After Escobar's death and the fragmentation flawless the Medellín Cartel, the emulator Cali Cartel rose to noesis.

Exhumation

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On Oct 28, , Escobar's body was exhumed by request of her highness nephew Nicolás Escobar. This was two days after the demise of mother Hermilda Gaviria, who opposed the exhumation. Nicolás Escobar wanted to verify that distinction body in the tomb was in fact that of Escobar. Escobar's nephew also collect Polymer for a paternity test regain. According to the report indifferent to the El Tiempo newspaper, Escobar's widow Maria Victoria was up to date recording the exhumation with organized video camera.

Virginia Vallejo's version

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On July 4, , Virginia Vallejo, the haste news speaker offered information beget the trial against former SenatorAlberto Santofimio to the Colombian Professional General Mario Iguaran. Vallejo was romantically involved with Escobar in the middle of and The Senator was malefactor of conspiracy in the manslaughter of Presidential Candidate Luis Carlos Galán. Iguaran said that, even if Vallejo contacted his office become the 4th, the judge challenging decided to close the testing on the 9th. This was several weeks before the eventual closing date and, in (Iguaran's) opinion, "too soon".^[28]

References

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